潭巫排山遊記

古籍有云：「地神倒海，潭巫排山」位於三藩市以北的Mount Tamalpais，據說就是出自這個典故；又有另一說法，指山中水潭旁邊一排排參天紅木，乃係女巫棲身之所，故名。（以上當然本人老作。不過這座山有不少傳說倒是事實，既有睡美人之稱，亦和女巫有關。詳見維基百科）星期天一早五時半起床，六時開車前往北灣Marin縣的Fairfax市，一路交通暢通無阻，途經三藩市，這麼早好像還是第一次！七時半和其他三名車友集合，八時正式出發踩單車！一開始便爬山，頭四里已爬了差不多900呎，跟著輕鬆下山三里，到達Alpine Lake的水壩，風光不俗。不過好戲在後頭！接著十里路要爬1700呎，一段路上上落落七次，遊人稱之為七姊妹（不是老作）。在Tamalpais山頂遠眺三藩市金門橋及海灣，景致更佳！論風景、好玩（及辛苦）程度，比上次上南灣Mount Hamilton Lick Observatory有過之而無不及。

其中一名車友是新相識，踩起車來一點都不似實際年齡（五十幾），他在該地玩山地車(mountain bike)比山地車老祖Gary Fisher還要早！玩公路車(road bike)亦同樣了得，我今次獲益良多。除了單車，此君亦熱愛高爾夫球及滑雪，當然亦甚擅長。其實另外兩位車友亦是興趣多多，樣樣皆精。此行我有些感想：（一）中國人一向認為：「勤有功，嬉無益」「書中自有黃金屋」又曰：「玩物喪志。」今時今日我想不能一成不變地跟從。靠顯赫學歷飛黃騰達之士，固然不少。但條條大路通羅馬，只要有拼勁，就有機會創一番事業。要鍛鍊拼勁，靠體育音樂等「課外活動」又何嘗不可？這幾位車友從小就熱衷於運動，如今皆事業有成，想必有點關係。

（二）本地熱門的單車路線，我都去過不少，包括Los Altos Hills,Portola Valley,Woodside,Hillsborough,Stevens Creek Reservoir,Mt Hamilton,加上今次Marin County一役，發覺這些地方有一個共通點：附近一定是有錢人聚居地！如果說有錢人喜歡踩單車，所以發掘了屋企附近的單車路線，並將之發揚光大，未免說不通；皆因玩單車豐儉由人，昨天路上看到不少租的單車，都不是高價貨色（我的單車更不在話下）另一個解釋，是熱門單車路線多數風景宜人，有山有水，這些地方附近的房子，自然平極有限。

最後想講講早幾天放假另一次單車「旅程」：我心目中由Palo Alto過Dumbarton bridge到Fremont下Milpitas沿237旁小路經Great America到Moffett上Mountain View回Palo Alto的50里大圈算是一個壯舉；尤其想一試踩單車過揼爸藤橋的滋味，即使該路線好評不多。試完之後，的確不想推介給其他車友，因為（一）只得平路（二）要跨過幾條大highway的intersection（三）風十分大。

以下是這兩次的路線圖：

Bay loop over Dumbarton Bridge

Share your bike routes @ Bikely.com

Music of the day: Eliesha Nelson performing complete viola works by Quincy Porter

This album won a Grammy this year (for best engineered album, but the performance itself is also superb. It's music by modern composer that doesn't sound too weird to most. Read the reviews on my link) I learned about this album when I was reading about Grammy reducing its number of awards, including some from the Classical category. This particular award seems to stay but the 2 best solo instrumentalist performance, with or without orchestra, will be combined into one. I guess the consolidation makes sense.
Speaking of viola, the Northern California Viola Society will be hosting a few workshops, at which participants will be playing a new viola piece together. Check out their blog for more details.

春爆遊記

又到一年一度「奉旨」放假的Spring Break，過去連續兩年都回香港，今年因為政府派六千元細節未定，加上剛在聖誕節回過（元氣大傷），所以決定貢獻給本地經濟。
總共拿了四天假，第一天早上帶小朋友去看電影HOP，主角是一隻不願乖乖繼承父業的復活節兔。電影班底據講來自Despicable Me，但情節舖排就遠遜於後者，不過小朋友沒有太計較。下午趁空檔去踩了一轉單車，由於只得四小時空檔，加上半夜要出車，結果選擇了較為簡單的路線：沿相當平直的Foothill南下Stevens Creek水塘，經Mt. Eden繞一圈再北上接回Foothill，水塘路段總算有點斜。
星期三凌晨三時出車，主要目標是聖地牙哥動物園。計劃是星期四一早到該處玩到下午，星期三如何打發？我們選擇了先到LA（正確來說是Arcadia）吃餐好的（鼎泰豐小籠包始終有水準，其餘的牛肉麵及蒸餃不過不失，紅豆rice cake就麻麻地）然後到Malibu（正確來說是Pacific Palisades）參觀Getty Villa。我們在兩年前參觀過LA的Getty Center， 覺得搞得不錯。雖然不是件件頂級珍藏，但建築本身相當有特色及氣派，派發的小冊子亦吸引小朋友探索藝術館各處。Getty Villa其實是Getty Center的前身，建築模仿古羅馬湮沒於火山灰中舊城大宅，所以極具特色，不枉一行。
下午三點半離開Malibu，遇上避無可避的大塞車，七時終於抵達聖地牙哥市中心的酒店。到酒店前經過一堆政府建築（法院及監獄），有點赫人，不過酒店其實也很接近食肆林立的蒲點Gaslamp Quarter，我們快快check-in就到了那裡，幾經辛苦找到一間menu頗為啱小朋友口味的意大利餐廳Operacaffe，結果也頗為啱大朋友口味！
星期四依計劃到動物園，先坐一坐圍園行走的巴士（下次最好坐右邊）了解一下路線，見熊貓無人排隊，決定以牠們作第一站，之後再按小朋友要求看他們有興趣的動物。其實動物園的安排不盡合理，如先看熊貓，基本上看其他動物就要走上走落走不少冤枉路，總算運動個夠吧！晚餐查了一陣網上reviews，選擇了可免費泊車的Joe's Crabshack。那裡是碼頭，景色不錯。我們叫了兩籃蟹，多得差點吃不完！飯後我一人再闖Gaslamp：除了食肆外，還有很多live music bar。我去了Jimmy Love's及Croce's。前者大概比蘭桂坊水準高一點，在後者演出的小號手Gilbert Castellanos及其latin jazz樂隊確係有料，收五元cover charge也值回票價。
最後一天高層指示要去名字相當配合春爆的爆煲園（Balboa Park），我下載了Balboa Park的app，發現其中有不少景點值得一遊。出發之前又再到Gaslamp Quarter的Cafe 21吃個brunch，店主夫婦來自亞塞拜疆，倒沒有期待omelette同pancake有太多西亞風味。餐後順道行行露天商場Horton Plaza然後出車。不得不提聖地牙哥的路牌做得頗差，前一天由動物園回downtown，其實路程極短，但指示奇差，白白浪費了半小時。這次由downtown去Balboa Park（其實動物園是Balboa Park的一部份），又兜了一大段路。
不過見到那個品種繁多、目不暇給的玫瑰園，心情頓覺開朗！欣賞完大自然後，輪到欣賞人工產物，就是博物館那堆建築物，都甚有特色。而在頗熱的天氣下，賣Hawaiian Shave Ice的街邊檔更覺合適。之後參觀了全球最大的室內模型火車展覽館，心境永遠年輕的我和小朋友同樣看得興奮。最後我們去了免費的美術館和植物園（温室），才踏上那長達十小時的歸途（因為途經LA，小不免塞車兩小時。）
照片連結在此。

出奇遊記

出奇是我為加州及內華達州交界的城市Truckee改的中文譯名（靈感抄自香港Chuck E Cheese的中文名）是次旅程亦名副其實地充滿奇趣（請看下文）
我因為這次旅行請了一天假（星期五），預備在下午開車到Truckee；早上有五小時空檔，決定「遠征」嚮往已久的Lick Observatory，該天文台座落於海拔四千英尺的Mount Hamilton。我先開車到半山（海拔二千英尺）的Joseph D. Grant County Park



然後踩11英里單車到山頂。上山的路徑巧合地分為兩段：前段在3.7里開始稍為回落至4.8里，騎者可以回一回氣，後段約6里基本上不停的爬山。我全程來回用了三小時，在正午返回起點，匆匆回家。
一時半終於起程，行680過了Concord才想起全家人人都有帶備厚褸，準備在滑雪場穿著，但我卻忘了，只帶了一件薄風褸。連忙上網找附近的Walmart，打算買件新褸；按地圖指示出Fairfield卻找不到（只見Jelly Bean工廠Jelly Belly，準備下次去參觀），唯有作罷。在Sacremento前後塞車塞了好一陣子，幸好之後無驚無險，找到友人一早預訂了的度假屋。同行的三家朋友其中兩家比我們早出發先到達，已經開始煮美味的晚餐（包括牛扒）飯後一同觀賞十多年前拍下的旅行及派對錄像，看到大家當年的老樣子，好笑得不得了。
第二天（星期六）是今次旅程的戲肉：帶一班小朋友到Squaw Valley滑雪！小朋友一身裝備，專心聽導師指示，努力在雪地上一展身手，實在可貴（師兄指可匹敵一支Hillside Select）。午飯後，又到Tahoe Donner的Recreation Center玩雪(tubing & sledding)，我們幾位大人反反覆覆拉那些tubing坐的大「水泡」（類似救生圈）上坡，總算消耗了不少連日吃下肚的美食。我雖然沒有厚褸，幸好事先pack好一件base layer，一件fleece（這些都是我在冷天氣踩車常穿的），再加一件長袖Tee及薄風褸，總算抵得住雪場出奇地不算太冷的天氣(50至60度華氏）只是沒有冷帽，寒風冷雨撲面不太好受。所以在雪場不少時間躲在Starbucks或入口接待處的長凳，用免費wifi上網，看看Cricket世界盃決賽戰況。晚上當然是繼續享用美食美酒！
第三天沒有安排出外活動，不用趕著七時叫醒全屋起床，幾位大廚慢慢出招炮製brunch：包括腸蛋，鰻魚risotto，焗雞等等，還有牛扒壓軸！飽餐一頓，一時左右大家收拾好（包括心情）離開，回程竟然沒遇上甚麼大塞車，四小時左右就回到家。出奇之旅圓滿結束。

Sports highlights: NASCAR and more NASCAR news

I was out of town this weekend and for some strange reason my DVR didn't record the Martinsville NASCAR Sprint Cup race on Sunday so I missed all those passes that sound exciting near the end of the race: Earnhardt Jr. passed Kyle Busch and then got passed by the eventual winner, Kevin Harvick. I did watch another eventual winner, Johnny Sauters, passing Kyle Busch, in the truck race on Friday, 'coz the place we stayed at has Speed Channel available. Another Kyle Busch related story is even bigger: former F1 champ Kimi Raikonen will be racing with the truck team owned by Busch! He'll be joining another former F1 driver, Nelson Piquet Jr., in that series. What's the motivation for him to race in the States? The money? Or the challenge? Who knows?

TV News goes Hollywood

The title refers to the news media coverage of the Fukushima nuclear crisis after tsunami hit Japan. You gotta admit that TV nowadays tend to picture the crisis like a Hollywood disaster movie. I think it's more likely than not that it is exaggerated, even though I'm no nuclear expert and have my own share of fear about how bad it could get. I like this quote from this article:

Not so long ago, the professionals showed all the deferential, forelock-tugging paternalism of the dept of "Keep Calm And Carry On". That era lasted into the 1960s. Now the driving force is the notion that "We're all DOOMED – and it's ALL OUR FAULT" that marks almost every news bulletin.

Sports highlights: auto racing

It's all about auto racing this weekend (yeah, I know "The tournament" is going on but who cares about VCU and Butler :P) Both Formula 1 and IndyCar's new season started on Sunday. I didn't watch the former but judging by the result I haven't missed much (The 2 cars started 1st and 2nd finished 1st and 2nd. How exciting!) IndyCar's race at St. Petersburg was slightly less predictable: the 2 cars started 2nd and 1st finished 1st and 2nd. What was predictable was that the broadcast focused way too much on Danica Patrick (that's an objective assessment. As a fan of her, I really didn't mind the focus. After all, I want to know where she was during the race most of the time and what happened to her car) The unpredictables were that Tony Kanaan (the former champ who just joined a new team this season) and Simona De Silvestro (the 2nd year "another female" driver) both did so well, finishing 3rd and 4th. In fact, the only battle worth watching was between these 2 at the end of the race. On the other hand, NASCAR delivered yet another exciting finish this season, with 3 drivers fighting for 1st during the last lap at the Southern California race. And we almost have the 3 series champion (Vettel, Franchitti, Johnson) winning all 3 races on Sunday if not for Kevin Harvick spoiling the party at the last seconds. For a moment I thought Kyle Busch was gonna win again (At the races I watched in the past 2 years, he was hard to beat when he had a lead near the end of the race) but he was passed by yet another Hendrick Motorsports driver (Jeff Gordon passed him in the 2nd race this season to win and Jimmie Johnson passed him this time) Just when we thought JJ was gonna have his 1st victory this season, Harvick took advantage and passed both of them. What a finish!

The SFJAZZ center: good for the music?

I am subscribed to SFJAZZ's newsletter (it's because I've probably been to one of the jazz concerts organized by them) and found out last week that there is a plan to build a dedicated center for this organization, with concert hall (to host their jazz concerts, of course), recording studio and offices for their staff, right at the heart of the "art and culture" district of San Francisco, near the symphony hall and opera house. They are getting funding to build it. One of the fund is a matching one (i.e., when others donate a certain amount, the fund will donate the same) On one hand, as a jazz fan, I'm excited to see jazz getting its recognition as a high-art form on par with classical and opera. I had the impulse to donate because of the matching fund. However, is having a dedicated building the best way to promote the music? After all, there are already plenty of venues for jazz music. I'm just worried that it will become a white elephant. Will maintanence of such a building result in higher ticket prices or musicians receiving less of the cut? I think instead of donating I'll just attend more jazz shows to support the scene.

Topic of the day: FM 92.3 abandoned rock (again)

Classical radio station KDFC moving from the frequency 102.1 to 90.3 earlier this year was a surprise to me, and it was not a pleasant one because it used to have decent signal strength through out the SF Bay Area but you can't receive it in South Bay anymore after the switch. I haven't done much frequency surfing for a long time until then. And that's when I found out KSJO 92.3 was broadcasting alternative rock again. I started listening to 92.3 way back as it is one of the few rock station but I stopped in 2004 when it was switched to Mexican oldies format. It seems that the station was sold and switch back to rock in 2009 but I just found out recently. Well, it has abandoned rock again. Back in 2004 when the switch to Spanish happened, I wrote about the company was chasing the growing market of Spanish listener at that moment. Back then I was wondering if Chinese will be next, after Spanish. Well, my prediction was right on! Yes, 92.3 is broadcasting Mandarin pop music now. Now it's time to move my preset to another frequency. And I won't be the only one judging by the responses here.

Topic of the day: fast food and health

I always think those ultra-health conscious people are no fun and refuse to be one of them. However, I am way past the age that I could just eat without considering the effect to my health. High cholesterol and diabetes, to name a few, are serious threats that we should not ignore. As a result, I do limit my visits to fast food chains (yes, the Jack in the box burger and KFC I had earlier this month was G-Double O-D good) I also avoid taking kids to fast food chains as much as possible (sorry, no happy meal toys if I'm taking care of you) Two recent news that were related to food and health caught my attention: a runner is having McD food for a whole month before the upcoming marathon and the spokesperson of Heart Attack Grill died from pneumonia at the age of 29

Let me start with the first one. Not sure if you have watched the documentary "Super Sized Me," which documented how eating nothing but McD's food (and super size whenever possible) could affect one's health. What this marathon runner did seems like trying to contradict that movie at a first glance. However, he is preparing for the marathon and running 100 miles per week! By burning all those calories, the effect of fast food might not be that obvious. Moreover, he's picked the relatively healthier items on McD's menu, like chicken sandwiches.

Again, not sure if you have heard of Heart Attach Grill. It's a hospital themed restaurant at which waitresses dress like nurses and serve food with extra high calorie contents (e.g. a burger with 8000 calories. I dunno how many miles you need to run to burn that off! My bike computer says I burn ~1500 calories when biking for 25 miles. And it probably overestimates. Go figure!) It's a little bit extreme to say the government should ban such restaurant. On the other hand, obese people are known to be more likely to get pneumonia so it's hard to say his death is not related to his lifestyle.

Sports highlights: NASCAR surprises in Phoenix and Vegas

The sports week started with Jeff Gordon winning the Sprint Cup series race in Phoenix and ended with Danica Patrick finished 4th in the Nationwide series race in Vegas. Jeff Gordon is 5th on the all-time NASCAR's winner list. So it should not have been a big surprise except he hasn't won in his 66 prior races. And this victory was an impressive one as he battled the talented Kyle Busch at the end. Busch was really good at late race restarts usually and had won 2 other events on the same track that weekend already. It sounded like lots of fans rooted for Gordon to win and I was one of them, which was another mild surprise, because Gordon dominated NASCAR in the 90s to the point that it got really boring (just like Jimmie Johnson did in the past few years) More surprising was Danica's good finish. This race really showcased her skills as you could see her passing other cars with confidence. And it's a continuation of the trend started this season: she looked much more comfortable racing stock cars than last year. Obviously she learned a lot from her experiences. BTW, it was nice to see Mark Martin winning that race. He is a class act. Also glad to see Justin Allgaier finished 2nd. This guy got talent.

GDC = Game Developers Conference

Just found out what those people I saw near SF Shopping Center (and at the food court) on Monday afternoon were! A lot of them were wearing a big badge with the big letters GDC. While there were a whole bunch of Asians, there were also a good amount of Caucasians. And I just read this article mentioning it being held at the nearby Moscone (Conference Center. BTW, the article was about one of the company attending the conference used balloons to promote its new game but drew heavy criticism because all those balloons went into the bay!) I have not been to the downtown shopping area since X'mas. Sad to see that yet another store was closing: the big Borders bookstores inside SF Shopping Center. I bought two magazines at 40% off. All those stores in that area with stuff that interested me seem to have gone out of business: CompUSA, the Virgin Megastore, Cody's, Stacey's and now Borders! It seems that only stores that sell clothes and food could survive these days! (I heard from the news that Old Navy didn't do well though) Things like books/music/movies have all gone online. (Even the Blockbuster in my neighbourhood is going out of business!)

山坡路遊記

Hillsborough正式中文譯名不知是甚麼，山坡路是我亂取的名字，因為我在那裡的確是踩單車上上落落山坡的路。今天晨早天未全亮載著單車開車，原本想過叫住在那裡附近的友人同行，幸好沒有，不然就連累他跟我一同走寃枉路（容後再詳述）到San Mateo B St的有蓋停車場時是6:45左右，氣溫華氏38度；由那裡出發，經Crystal Spring轉上Skyline，感覺上比280至Portola Valley那一段Alpine Rd斜一點（但沒有那麼長。其實這裡我以前也到過，因為著名的Sawyer Camp Trail入口就在那裡，多年前已踩過，近年對那樣的平路興趣不大。）到高爾夫球場轉入Hayne，那是Hillsborough的住宅區，竟然在那裡偏離了原訂路線（GPS也幫不上忙，真不該！）就沿著Hayne下山，頗為斜（不知原訂行Ralston的路線會否較為好踩？）東找西找，終於沿El Cerrito Ave重返San Mateo。起程回家時是8:15，氣溫華氏48度。這是原訂路線圖，下次打算找友人同行，不會要他迷路吧？

We Dare

If I'm 15 years younger, I'll definitely be looking forward to playing this game (on Wii or PS, developed by Ubisoft) described here. "We Dare is a sexy, quirky, party game that offers a large variety of hilarious, innovative and physical, sometimes kinky, challenges," goes Ubisoft's pitch. "The more friends you invite to party, the spicier the play!"

Sports highlights: New NASCAR season

Two months of off-season for NASCAR was too much for me and I'm glad that the new season has finally started last weekend! Daytona speedway was re-paved last year (that had to be done to avoid causing troubles for drivers like the Daytona 500 of 2010) and because of this, the new way to race there was to have 2 cars drafting together in tandem (that's the new word I taught my son during the race) It was interesting to see how the drivers made use of this. The Nationwide Series race on Saturday was pretty good. Danica Patrick led at one point (not because of other drivers went to the pit) The finish was exciting too. And then the Sprint cup race on Sunday was even better, having the youngest winner ever in Trevor Bayne. Adding a 5th Daytona 500 victory to the legendary racing team Wood Brothers was a feel-good story. On the other hand, we saw the current top team, Hendrick Motorsports, suffered during this race, in which all 4 of their drivers crashed.

Movie of the day: Just Go With It

Gotta admit I'm biased because it's starring my favourite Jennifer Anniston but I think it deserves higher grade than those B-/C+ given out by critics. The storyline was predictable but the movie was funny and often heart-warming, i.e., your typical Adam Sandler comedy. That was nothing not to like for me. Swimsuit model/actress Brooklyn Decker was hot. Jennifer was still hot. Nicole Kidman was pretty as usual (and funny too!)

Los Gatos Creek Trail

I seldom cycle on bike trails these days but I did two days in a row! It's a huge coincidence. I had 2 hours to kill near San Jose City College but I wasn't able to find any recommended bike routes nearby on the web in a rush and ended up just biking around aimlessly. I biked along S. Bascom Ave and biked across the Hwy 17 overpass (it has an funny spiral ascent and descent) to Campbell and saw the "historical" Campbell downtown (the farmer's market was closing and I missed the music performance :( ) When I came back I still have more time to kill so I went further south along Bascom and discovered the entrance to Los Gatos Creek trail! The trail was a bit more crowded and narrower than the Alameda Creek Trail I biked with my buddy the day before but it was still nice.

How to spend 3 days in SF: Day 3

On day 3 we're back to SF. I met my friends at the Ferry Building. We're supposed to have an early lunch at 11:30 at Hog Island (known for its oysters) but it opened late that day (the day after superbowl! Someone partied too much I guess) so we ended up having a not-so-early lunch but it was still tasty as expected. Next, we drove to the Pacific Ocean. They missed seeing the ocean very much because there's none where they live. Then we headed to the beautiful Golden Gate Park. The tulips under the windmill and the Conservatory of flowers were all worthy of taking a few pictures. From there we drove across the Golden Gate Bridge (the drive was surprisingly quick. It's really a short distance and there wasn't much traffic on a Monday early afternoon) and I drop them off at Sausalito. They took the ferry back to the Ferry Building and walked to Japan town for ramen for dinner (Man, they could really walk a lot :D) That's how 3 fun-filled days were spent!

How to spend 3 days in SF: Day 2

After hitting the major tourist spots in the city on day 1, we switched our focus to THE "Silicon Valley", which I loosely defined as places between SF and San Jose that are related to computer technology. My friends started their day walking around Fisherman's Wharf, Union Square and China town. Then I drove them down South 101. Our first destination was the headquarter of Oracle at Redwood Shores. It was a pretty day with the fountain operating and the BMW Oracle Racing Yacht USA-17 on display at "Lake Ellison" We have also visited the campus of another Silicon Valley heavyweight: Google! While Oracle's HQ had that big corporation feel, Google's was more in line with the stereotypical "free-thinking" IT workers. We saw a few families playing at Google's beach volleyball court that Sunday. And we drove by (didn't go in) Steve Job's house in Palo Alto. Of course, we needed to visit his company at One Infinite Loop in Cupertino (their security guys were very hard working and immediately asked us to leave the parking lot) Finally, we went to where all these Silicon Valley ideas were originated from: Stanford University. (No exaggeration! Stanford's Dr. Terman was widely known as the Father of Silicon Valley) We had a good walk around the campus and reminisced about our college days. Finally we headed back north to Burlingame and had a good prime rib dinner at Broadway Prime. Stay tuned for Day 3!

[Update: found a visitor's guide to Silicon Valley, which is quite similar to what I mentioned]

How to spend 3 days in SF: Day 1

That's what I did last weekend 'coz my friends Eric and Lea (my best friend from high school!) visited from out of town. They followed my advices and booked a hotel at Fisherman's Wharf. The first place I took them to after they got off the plane, was a Hong Kong style restaurant in Millbrae for lunch (yeah, the airlines are so cheap these days and actually charge for those horrible airplane meals) Then I drove them to checkin to hotel. And I suggested them to take the cablecar from Fisherman's Wharf to downtown (Powell & Market) Unfortunately none of the cablecar (from Taylor or Beach St) worked and they ended up just walked around Ghiradelli Square. The next stop was Cliff House (and we stopped before Golden Gate Bridge since it's on the way anyway) and the beautiful pacific ocean, where we saw a bit of the sunset. Finally, we had dinner at Thanh Long, famous for its Vietnamese crab made with its secret recipe. It was really crowded of course (To be continued...)